Two and three-dimensional visual articulatory models for pronunciation training and for treatment of speech disorders

Visual articulatory models can be used for visualizing vocal tract articulatory speech movements. This information may be helpful in pronunciation training or in therapy of speech disorders. For testing this hypothesis, speech recognition rates were quantified for mute animations of vocalic and consonantal speech movements generated by a 2D and a 3D visual articulatory model. The visually based speech sound recognition test (mimicry test) was performed by two groups of eight children (five to eight years old) matched in age and sex. The children were asked to mimic the visually produced mute speech movement animations for different speech sounds. Recognition rates stay significantly above chance but indicate no significant difference for each of the two models. Children older than 5 years are capable of interpreting vocal tract articulatory speech sound movements without any preparatory training in a speech adequate way. The complex 3D-display of vocal tract articulatory movements provides no significant advantage in comparison to the visually simpler 2D-midsagittal displays of vocal tract articulatory movements

Экспериментальные и расчетные величины стандартной энтальпии образования арсенатов щелочных и щелочноземельных металлов

Исследованы термохимические характеристики взаимодействия в водной среде хлоридов щелочноземельных металлов с ортоарсенатом натрия

Modeling speech processing in case of neurogenic speech and language disorders: neural dysfunctions, brain lesions, and speech behavior

Computer-implemented neural speech processing models can simulate patients suffering from neurogenic speech and language disorders like aphasia, dysarthria, apraxia of speech, and neurogenic stuttering. Speech production and perception tasks simulated by using quantitative neural models uncover a variety of speech symptoms if neural dysfunctions are inserted into these models. Neural model dysfunctions can be differentiated with respect to type (dysfunction of neuron cells or of neural connections), location (dysfunction appearing in a specific buffer of submodule of the model), and severity (percentage of affected neurons or neural connections in that specific submodule of buffer). It can be shown that the consideration of quantitative computer-implemented neural models of speech processing allows to refine the definition of neurogenic speech disorders by unfolding the relation between inserted neural dysfunction and resulting simulated speech behavior while the analysis of neural deficits (e.g., brain lesions) uncovered from imaging experiments with real patients does not necessarily allow to precisely determine the neurofunctional deficit and thus does not necessarily allow to give a precise neurofunctional definition of a neurogenic speech and language disorder. Furthermore, it can be shown that quantitative computer-implemented neural speech processing models are able to simulate complex communication scenarios as they appear in medical screenings, e.g., in tasks like picture naming, word comprehension, or repetition of words or of non-words (syllable sequences) used for diagnostic purposes or used in speech tasks appearing in speech therapy scenarios (treatments). Moreover, neural speech processing models which can simulate neural learning are able to simulate progress in the overall speech processing skills of a model (patient) resulting from specific treatment scenarios if these scenarios can be simulated. Thus, quantitative neural models can be used to sharpen up screening and treatment scenarios and thus increase their effectiveness by varying certain parameters of screening as well as of treatment scenarios

The efficiency of combined electrothermal and electrochemical accumulation of electricity of a photovoltaic power plant

The relevance of the research is caused by the fact that renewable energy, in particular, photovoltaic generation is becoming essential support in the decentralized systems in Russia. However, the high cost of the power equipment of photovoltaic power plants is a deterrent to their wide practical application. This paper presents the method for reducing the cost of photovoltaic power plants by optimizing energy conversion processes in isolated power supply systems. The characteristics of equipment for photovoltaic generation and the subsequent conversion of parameters and power storage is an urgent task are presented

Fakir ve zengin

Tefrikada yazarın adı belirtilmemiştir.Tercüman-ı Hakikat'te yayımlanan Fakir ve Zengin adlı romanın ilk ve son tefrikalar

Проект кожухотрубного теплообменника подогрева воды

Выпускная квалификационная работа "Проект кожухотрубного теплообменника подогрева воды". Объектом исследования является кожухотрубный теплообменник для подогрева воды. Цель работы – рассчитать теплообменник для заданных технологических условий. В процессе выполнения работы были произведены все необходимые расчеты для подбора соответствующего аппарата, его типа и размеров.The final qualifying work "Design of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for heating water." The object of study is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for heating water. The purpose of the work is to calculate a heat exchanger for given technological conditions. In the process of doing the work, all the necessary calculations were made to select the appropriate apparatus, its type and size

Особенности учета удержаний из заработной платы

В данной научной статье рассматриваются особенности различных удержаний из заработной платы работника, а также порядок их начисления и размеры согласно законодательству РФ. Также выявлены возможные ошибки работодателя при удержании денежных средств из заработной платы сотрудников, их ответственность за неправомерные действия и предложены меры по своевременному выявлению и исправлению таких ошибок

Алгоритмы процедурной генерации реалистичных лицевых анимаций для антропоморфных виртуальных агентов с применением методов машинного обучения

Алгоритмы генерации лицевой анимации трехмерных антропоморфных моделей с помощью аудио хорошо представлены, однако их использование не позволяет стабильно получать реалистичное поведение мимики в режиме реального времени. В работе рассматриваются различные подходы к созданию анимированной лицевой мимики на основе лицевых точек и эмоционального состояния с применением машинного обучения. Комбинация представленных аудиовизуальных подходов позволяет получать результат, способный работать в динамической окружающей среде с заранее неизвестными параметрами, к примеру локализованные текст и/или речь, ответные реакции системы, а также использоваться для решения задач, таких как аватары виртуальной реальности, персонажи интерактивного кино или видеоигр т.д.Today algorithms for facial animation of 3d-avatar based on speech-driven technology are well presented. However, their use does not allow consistently obtaining realistic behavior of facial expressions in real time: problem with micro-expressions, eyes-moving and etc. The paper discusses various approaches to creating realistic animated facial animation based on facial points and emotional state with machine learning methods. The combination of audiovisual approaches makes possible to obtain a system that can work in a dynamic environment (e.g. localized text and/or speech with various environment responses) The results can be used for solving animation problems in few areas such as virtual reality avatars, characters of interactive cinema, video games and et